Journal: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Article Title: Multimodal Approaches for Regenerative Stroke Therapies: Combination of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells is Not Superior to G-CSF Alone
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00130
Figure Lengend Snippet: Post-stroke neurogenesis and angiogenesis . At 8 weeks post-stroke, none of the DCX + cells in the SVZ of control animals co-localized with BrdU-labeled nuclei. Instead, the BrdU-positive nuclei were distributed mainly in the “pinwheel” architecture of the ventricular epithelium (A) . The DCX + cells occupied an adjacent, distinct position [ (A) , arrows]. Some of the DCX + migrated away from the ventricular wall (B) . We noted vigorous neurogenesis with many DCX + (arrows) co-localizing with BrdU nuclei in the G-CSF-treated animals [ (C) ; arrowheads] and animals treated with G-CSF + BM MSC [ (D) , arrows]. (E–G) Post-stroke angiogenesis. In regions adjacent to the infarct scar, we found numerous BrdU + nuclei in the endothelium of newly formed blood vessels in the formerly infarct core [ (E) , green]. The border to the healthy brain region was abruptly demarcated to the left by NeuN-positive nuclei [ (E) , red]. Beyond the formerly infarct core, we noted vigorous sprouting angiogenesis as evidenced by RECA/BrdU double positive blood vessels [ (F) , violet] as well as numerous BrdU + nuclei in the newly formed endothelium [ (F) , blue] and reconstruction of the basal lamina [ (F) , green] during the resolution phase of angiogenesis. By number of laminin/BrdU co-localizations, the density of the newly formed blood vessels was significantly higher (threefold, p = 0.01) in the brains of animals treated with the combination G-CSF + BM MSC as compared to controls and G-CSF alone (G) . Cc, corpus callosum; IC, infarct core; IR, islet of regeneration; LV, lateral ventricle; PI, periinfract.
Article Snippet: For phenotyping in the periinfarcted area and beyond the fibrotic scar, sections were triple-immunolabeled with rabbit anti-laminin-specific antibodies (1:5000, Sigma, Munich), mouse anti-NeuN antibodies (1:500, Millipore, Germany), mouse anti-RECA (1:1000, Millipore, Germany), and rat anti-BrdU-specific antibodies (1:3000; Serotec, UK).
Techniques: Control, Labeling
![Post-stroke neurogenesis and angiogenesis . At 8 weeks post-stroke, none of the DCX + cells in the SVZ of control animals co-localized with <t>BrdU-labeled</t> nuclei. Instead, the BrdU-positive nuclei were distributed mainly in the “pinwheel” architecture of the ventricular epithelium (A) . The DCX + cells occupied an adjacent, distinct position [ (A) , arrows]. Some of the DCX + migrated away from the ventricular wall (B) . We noted vigorous neurogenesis with many DCX + (arrows) co-localizing with BrdU nuclei in the G-CSF-treated animals [ (C) ; arrowheads] and animals treated with G-CSF + BM MSC [ (D) , arrows]. (E–G) Post-stroke angiogenesis. In regions adjacent to the infarct scar, we found numerous BrdU + nuclei in the endothelium of newly formed blood vessels in the formerly infarct core [ (E) , green]. The border to the healthy brain region was abruptly demarcated to the left <t>by</t> <t>NeuN-positive</t> nuclei [ (E) , red]. Beyond the formerly infarct core, we noted vigorous sprouting angiogenesis as evidenced by RECA/BrdU double positive blood vessels [ (F) , violet] as well as numerous BrdU + nuclei in the newly formed endothelium [ (F) , blue] and reconstruction of the basal lamina [ (F) , green] during the resolution phase of angiogenesis. By number of laminin/BrdU co-localizations, the density of the newly formed blood vessels was significantly higher (threefold, p = 0.01) in the brains of animals treated with the combination G-CSF + BM MSC as compared to controls and G-CSF alone (G) . Cc, corpus callosum; IC, infarct core; IR, islet of regeneration; LV, lateral ventricle; PI, periinfract.](https://pub-med-central-images-cdn.bioz.com/pub_med_central_ids_ending_with_6299/pmc04066299/pmc04066299__fnagi-06-00130-g005.jpg)